The Art of Cloisonné: A Journey Through Colour and Craft
Cloisonné is a mesmerizing and intricate form of metalwork which has captivated artisans and collectors for centuries. Originating in the ancient world, this technique has evolved across cultures, from Chinese prototypes to Japanese innovations, each bringing its own distinctive artistry and refinement.
The Origins of Cloisonné
The word cloisonné comes from the French word cloison, meaning “partition” or “compartment.” Technique using thin metal strips—traditionally gold or copper—to create small compartments (cloisons) on a metal object. These compartments are then filled with enamel paste, fired in a kiln, and polished to achieve a brilliant, jewel-like finish.
Although the earliest cloisonné can be traced back to ancient Egypt and the Byzantine Empire, it flourished most notably in China, where artisans developed the vibrant, multi-colored cloisonné we recognize today.
The Rise of Japanese Cloisonné (Shippo)
Chinese cloisonné prototypes, the Japanese refined and transformed the craft into what is known as shippo, or “seven treasures.” Unlike earlier cloisonné, where metal wires clearly separated each color, Japanese artisans developed a technique to blend the colors seamlessly. This innovation led to breathtakingly smooth gradients and delicate shading, making their designs appear almost like paintings encased in glass.
Shippo became particularly renowned during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with artists producing exquisitely detailed works that remain highly collectible today. The innovation of wireless cloisonné—where artists removed the metal partitions after firing—allowed for even greater fluidity in design.
Cloisonné vs. Champlevé: A Tale of Two Techniques
While cloisonné builds up a design by adding raised partitions, champlevé follows an entirely opposite approach. Adding metal to create compartments, the surface of the metal object is gouged away, creating recessed areas that are then filled with enamel. This technique is a more subtle, engraved appearance, the thin ridges of metal forming the outline of the design rather than raised wires.
Both require precision, skill, and patience. Each piece can take weeks even months to complete, with multiple firings needed to perfect the colors and smooth the surface.
Why Cloisonné Endures
Cloisonné remains a beloved art form due to its rich history and stunning visual appeal. For collectors, cloisonné offers a connection to centuries of artistic tradition—one that spans continents and generations. Whether its a decorative pieces of jewellery or a Vase for the mantel...Have you ever see a piece of cloisonné on your travels? Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below!